Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk\u bQp¡
ApS>L$pg OZu L„$`_uAp¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua (Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk)_p r_v$p_ dpV¡$ Mpk âL$pf_p diu_ hX¡$ lpX$L$p„_u dS>b|su dp`hp_p¡ v$php¡ L$fsu "bp¡_ rd_fg X¡$[ÞkV$u'_u s`pk L$f¡ R>¡. Ap s`pk L$fphsp„ `l¡gp„ A_¡ s`pk L$fpìep `R>u `Z OZp gp¡L$p¡_¡ khpg \pe R>¡ L¡$ Ap s`pk\u iy„ ÅZhp dm¡? Ap s`pk L$p¡Z¡ A_¡ ¼epf¡ L$fphhu Å¡CA¡? A¡L$ hMs s`pkdp„ sL$gua lp¡hp_y„ blpf Aph¡ sp¡ afu `pR>u ¼epf¡ s`pk L$fphhu?... X$p¡. L¡$s_ Th¡fuA¡ Ap khpgp¡ A„N¡ A_¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua rhi¡ QQp® L$fu R>¡ :
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk A¡V$g¡ iy„?
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk A¡V$g¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u budpfu.
Ap budpfu L¡$V$gp„e L$pfZp¡_¡ gu^¡ Ecu \C iL¡$. Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u budpfudp„ lpX$L$p„_u A„v$f âp¡V$u_ A_¡ L¡$[ëied M|b OV$u Åe R>¡, A¡_¡ `qfZpd¡ _bmp„ `X¡$gp„ lpX$L$p„dp„ vy$Mphp\u dp„X$u_¡ 䡼Qf ky^u_u A_¡L$ Ås_u sL$guap¡ Ecu \pe R>¡.
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk L$p¡_¡ \pe?
Jdf h^hp_u kp\¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua h^su fl¡ R>¡. `Qpk hj®\u dp¡V$u Jdf_u 13\u 18 V$L$p ÷uAp¡ A_¡ 3\u 6 V$L$p `yfyjp¡_¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua (Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk) \pe R>¡. Ap D`fp„s buÅ 30\u 50 V$L$p gp¡L$p¡_p„ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u iê$Aps \C NC lp¡e R>¡, S>¡ Ap¡[õV$ep¡`¡r_ep sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpe R>¡. Ap rlkpb¡ rhðdp„ L$fp¡X$p¡ gp¡L$p¡ Ap budpfu\u `uX$pe R>¡.
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u sL$gua \C lp¡e A¡dp„\u dpÓ 10\u 20 V$L$p v$v$}Ap¡_y„ r_v$p_ A_¡ kpfhpf kdekf \pe R>¡. bpL$u_p v$v$}Ap¡ L$p¡C L$p¡[çàgL¡$i__p¡ cp¡N b_¡ Ðepf¡ S> A¡d_¡ Ap sL$gua_u ÅZ \pe R>¡. Apif¡ v$f ÓZdp„\u A¡L$ fÅ¡r_h©Ñ ÷u_¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_¡ L$pfZ¡ 䡼Qf \pe R>¡.
v$f hj£ A¡L$gp Ad¡qfL$pdp„ 䡼Qf_p Apif¡ 13 gpM b_php¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_¡ L$pfZ¡ b_¡ R>¡. S>¡V$gp„ \p`p_p„ lpX$L$p„_p„ 䡼Qf \pe R>¡ A¡dp„\u 12\u 20 V$L$p S>¡V$gp gp¡L$p¡ A¡L$ hj®_u A„v$f d©Ðey `pd¡ R>¡. A_¡ Ap `R>u v$f hj£ d©Ðeyv$f h^sp¡ fl¡ R>¡. h©Ùp¡dp„ OZu Ås_u A`„Nsp dpV¡$ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk S>hpbv$pf lp¡e R>¡. Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_¡ AV$L$phhp_p A_¡ A¡dp„\u kpÅ \hp_p b^p S> âeÐ_p¡ L$fhp Å¡CA¡.
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_y„ L$pfZ iy„?
ifuf_p„ v$f¡L¡$v$f¡L$ lpX$L$p„dp„ fp¡S>¡fp¡S> Ap„sqfL$ OV$L$p¡ bv$gpsp fl¡ R>¡, fp¡S> lpX$L$p„_p¡ \p¡X$p¡ cpN _pi `pd¡ R>¡ A_¡ \p¡X$p¡ cpN _hp¡ b_¡ R>¡. S>¡ âp¡V$u_ A_¡ L¡$[ëied ApS>¡ lpX$L$p„dp„ fl¡gp„ R>¡ s¡ Aphsu L$pg¡ bv$gpC Åe R>¡. bQ`Z\u eyhp_u ky^u_p Npmpdp„ lpX$L$p„ b_hp_u âq¾$ep TX$`u lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ _pi `pdhp_u âq¾$ep ^udu lp¡e R>¡.
Apif¡ 30-35 hj®_u Jdf¡ lpX$L$p„ b_hp_u A_¡ _pi \hp_u b„_¡ âq¾$ep ^udu `X¡$ R>¡ A_¡ b„_¡_u TX$` gNcN A¡L$kfMu S> fl¡ R>¡.
Apif¡ 40\u 50 hj®_u Jdf¡ lpX$L$p„_p¡ _pi \hp_u âq¾$ep lpX$L$p„ b_hp_u âq¾$ep L$fsp„ h^y TX$`u b_¡ R>¡, `qfZpd¡ v$f hj£ 0.3\u 0.5 V$L$p S>¡V$gp¡ lpX$L$p„_p¡ cpN OV$hp gpN¡ R>¡. ÷uAp¡dp„, dprkL$öph b„^ \hp_u Jdf¡ (fÅ¡r_h©rÑ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ d¡_p¡`p¡T hMs¡) lpX$L$p„_u _pi \hp_u âq¾$ep M|b TX$`u b_u Åe R>¡. L¡$V$guL$ ÷uAp¡dp„ sp¡ lpX$L$p„_p¡ 40\u 50 V$L$p S>¡V$gp¡ dp¡V$p¡ S>Õ\p¡ fÅ¡r_h©rÑ `R>u OV¡$ R>¡. kf¡fpi ÷udp„ Apif¡ 15 V$L$p S>Õ\p¡ Ap Npmp v$frdep_ OV$u Åe R>¡. ÷udp„ L$fp¡X$_p dZL$p, L$p„X$p `pk¡_p„ gp„bp„ lpX$L$p„ A_¡ \p`p_p„ lpX$L$p„dp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ OV$pX$p¡ _p¢^pe R>¡. Äepf¡ `yfyjp¡dp„ L$p„X$p_p„ lpX$L$p„_¡ Akf `lp¢Qsu _\u, `f„sy L$fp¡X$_p dZL$p A_¡ \p`p_p„ lpX$L$p„_p S>Õ\pdp„ _p¢^`pÓ OV$pX$p¡ v¡$Mpe R>¡.
Ap fus¡ Jdf h^hp_u kp\¡ lpX$L$p„_p¡ S>Õ\p¡ ip L$pfZ¡ OV¡$ R>¡ A¡ lÆ Qp¡½$k`Z¡ ÅZu iL$pey„ _\u, `f„sy AdyL$ `qfbmp¡ Ýep_dp„ Apìep„ R>¡, S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u âq¾$ep TX$`u b_¡ R>¡. S>¡d_¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u budpfu \pe R>¡ A¡dp„\u dp¡V$p cpN_p gp¡L$p¡_y„ hS>_ Ap¡Ry>„ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ õ_peyAp¡ Ap¡R>p rhL$k¡gp lp¡e R>¡. Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u budpfu b¡W$pXy$-rb_L$kfsu ifufdp„ S>gv$u âh¡i¡ R>¡. S>¡ ÷udp„ hl¡gu fÅ¡r_h©rÑ (d¡_p¡`p¡T) Aph¡ R>¡ A¡ ÷udp„ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_u i¼esp h^y fl¡ R>¡. buX$u-rkNpf¡V$ L¡$ v$pê$ `u_pf ìe[¼s_¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_u i¼esp h^y fl¡ R>¡. h^y `X$sp A¡rkX$uL$ (MpV$p `v$p\p£ L¡$ h^y âp¡V$u_ey¼s `v$p\p£) g¡_pf_¡ `Z Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_u i¼esp h^u Åe R>¡. S>¡ ìe[¼s_p Mp¡fpL$dp„ L¡$[ëied_y„ âdpZ Ap¡Ry>„ lp¡e A¡ ìe[¼sAp¡_¡ `Z Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_u i¼esp h^y fl¡ R>¡.
Jdf kp\¡ r_õbs _ ^fphsp buÅ OZp fp¡Np¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ `Z Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \C iL¡$ R>¡. ifufdp„ b_sp õV$ufp¡BX$ A„s:öph (ÁgyL$p¡L$p¡qV®$L$p¡õV$ufp¡BX$)_y„ âdpZ h^u Åe A\hp L$p¡C ìe[¼s gp„bp kde ky^u Aphu õV$ufp¡BX$ v$hpAp¡ g¡sp¡ lp¡e A¡_¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \C iL¡$ R>¡. X$peprbV$uk_p v$v$}Ap¡dp„ `Z Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \hp_u i¼esp h^u Åe R>¡. Ly$`p¡jZ A_¡ A`pQ__¡ L$pfZ¡ `Z Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \pe R>¡. k„r^hp_p L¡$V$gpL$ v$v$}Ap¡ vy$Mphp_¡ L$pfZ¡ AdyL$ lg_Qg_ L$fu _\u iL$sp Ap_¡ gu^¡ A¡ kp„^p_u Apk`pk Aph¡gp„ lpX$L$p„Ap¡dp„ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \pe R>¡. Ap rkhpe `Z buÅ A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡dp„ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk Da£ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua iê$ \C iL¡$ R>¡.
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_y„ r_v$p_ L$C fus¡ \C iL¡$?
`p¡sp_¡ Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk R>¡ A¡_u Mbf dp¡V$p cpN_p v$v$}_¡ 䡼Qf \ep `R>u S> `X¡$ R>¡. L¡$V$gpL$ _kubv$pf gp¡L$p¡_¡ buÅ„ L$pfZp¡kf A¡¼k-f¡ L$fphhp\u Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u ÅZ L$p¡C Ås_y„ 䡼Qf \ep `l¡gp„ \pe R>¡. lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$ép„ R>¡ A¡_u Qp¡½$k ÅZ \pe A¡hp„ L$p¡C bpü gnZp¡ _\u. `qfZpd¡ AdyL$ dp¢Ou s`pk L$fphhp\u S> Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_y„ r_v$p_ \C iL¡$ R>¡. tkNg ap¡V$p¡_ A¡åkp¡k}Ap¡d¡V²$u A_¡ X$bg ap¡V$p¡_ A¡åkp¡k}Ap¡d¡V²$u sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsu "bp¡_ rd_fg X¡$[ÞkV$u' dpV¡$_p s`pkp¡ lpX$L$p„_u O_sp QL$pkhpdp„ D`ep¡Nu \pe R>¡. AgbÑ Ap s`pk OZu dp¢Ou A_¡ S|>S> õ\mp¡A¡ S> D`gå^ R>¡.
bp¡_ rd_fg X¡$[ÞkV$u_u s`pk\u iy„ ÅZhp dm¡?
lpX$L$p„_u dS>b|su A_¡ S>Õ\p¡ s`pkhp dpV¡$ ÅsÅs_u s`pk \pe R>¡, `f„sy kp¥\u h^y Qp¡L$kpChpmu s`pk_y„ _pd R>¡- X$u.A¡¼k.A¡. (X$åëey A¡_Æ® A¡¼k-f¡ A¡åkp¡k}Ap¡d¡V²$u). L$df_p dZL$p A_¡ \p`p_p„ lpX$L$p„_u s`pk Å¡ Ap diu_ Üpfp L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ kp¥\u h^y Qp¡½$k qf`p¡V®$ dm¡ R>¡. `p¡V£$bg X$u.A¡¼k.A¡. diu_ Üpfp `N_u A¡X$u, L$p„X$p L¡$ Ap„Nmu_p„ lpX$L$p„_p S>Õ\p_u s`pk `Z L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Sy>v$p„ Sy>v$p„ diu_p¡ Üpfp Sy>v$u Sy>v$u s`pk L$fhpdp„ Aphsu lp¡hp\u b^p qf`p¡V®$ A¡L$buÅ kp\¡ kfMphu iL$pe A¡ dpV¡$ qf`p¡V®$dp„ `T' A_¡ `Z' A¡d b¡ Ap„L$X$p gMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
`T' A¡hy„ v$ip®h¡ R>¡ L¡$ huk hj®_u Jdf_p kf¡fpi gp¡L$p¡_u kfMpdZuA¡ v$v$}_p„ lpX$L$p„dp„ L¡$V$gu dS>b|su R>¡. Å¡ `T' Ap„L$ dpB_k 2.5 L$fsp„ Ap¡R>p¡ lp¡e sp¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ R>¡ (Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u sL$gua R>¡) A¡hy„ L$l¡hpe. `T' Ap„L$ dpB_k A¡L$\u dpB_k AY$u hÃQ¡ lp¡e sp¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u iê$Aps R>¡ A¡hy„ L$lu iL$pe.
`Z' Ap„L$ A¡hy„ v$ip®h¡ R>¡ L¡$ v$v$}_u Jdf_p S> kf¡fpi gp¡L$p¡_u kfMpdZuA¡ v$v$}_p„ lpX$L$p„_u L¡$V$gu dS>b|su R>¡. Å¡ `Z' Ap„L$ Ap¡R>p¡ Aph¡ sp¡ (dpB_k AY$u\u Ap¡R>p¡) v$v$}_¡ Jdf rkhpe_u buÆ L$p¡C budpfu_¡ L$pfZ¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$hp_u sL$gua \C R>¡ A¡hy„ L$lu iL$pe.
bp¡_ rd_fg dpV¡$_u s`pk L$p¡Z¡ L$fphhu Å¡CA¡?
lpX$L$p„_u dS>b|su dpV¡$_u (bp¡_ rd_fg X¡$[ÞkV$u_u) s`pk ApV$gp gp¡L$p¡A¡ L$fphu g¡hu Å¡CA¡ : (1) fÅ¡r_h©Ñ ÷uAp¡, (2) A¡¼k-f¡dp„ dZL$p _bmp `X$hp_p„ qQl¹_p¡ v¡$Mpep„ lp¡e, (3) ÓZ drl_p L$fsp„ h^y kde\u õV$ufp¡BX$ v$hp Qpgy lp¡e, (4) `¡fp\pBfp¡X$ A„s:öph h^hp_u budpfu, (5) v$hp g¡hp\u L¡$ buÆ kpfhpf\u lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$sp„ AV$¼ep„ R>¡ L¡$ _l] s¡ Å¡hp dpV¡$ v$f b¡ hj£ Ap V¡$õV$ L$fphu iL$pe.
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk_u kpfhpf iy„?
Ap¡[õVep¡`p¡fp¡rkk \C Nep `R>u A¡_¡ kpfy„ L$fhp_y„ OÏ„ dyíL¡$g R>¡. v$v$}_¡ 䡼Qf _ \pe A¡ l¡sy\u S> dp¡V$p cpN_u kpfhpf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap fp¡N AV$L$phhp dpV¡$ r_erds Qpghp_u L¡$ buÆ L$kfs L$fsp„ fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡.
Mp¡fpL$dp„ fpNu-bpS>fp S>¡hp„ ^pÞe; QZp, fpS>dp, kp¡epbu_ S>¡hp„ L$W$p¡m; b^u gugu cpÆAp¡; sg, Æfy„, AS>dp¡, lmv$f hN¡f¡ dkpgpAp¡; L$p¡Wy$„, kuspam, apgkp, MS|>f, k|L$u Öpn hN¡f¡ amp¡ A_¡ v|$^ A_¡ A¡_u `¡v$pip¡ h^pf¡ âdpZdp„ g¡hu Å¡CA¡. Ap b^p Mp¡fpL$ h^y dpÓpdp„ g¡hp\u L¡$[ëied OV$sy„ AV$L$phu iL$pe R>¡ A_¡ lpX$L$p„ _bmp„ `X$sp„ AV$L$phu iL$pe R>¡.
Mp¡fpL$dp„ Ap b^u hõsy `|fsp âdpZdp„ _ g¡_pfu ìe[¼sA¡ L¡$[ëied A_¡ rhV$prd_ X$u_u Np¡mu g¡hu Å¡CA¡. v$pê$-sdpLy$_p ìek_\u v|$f fl¡_pf A_¡ Mp¡fpL$dp„ duWy„$ Ap¡Ry>„ Mp_pf ìe[¼s_p„ lpX$L$p„ dS>b|s fl¡ R>¡.
OZp v¡$ip¡dp„ kpfhpf dpV¡$ kp¥â\d BõV²$p¡S>_-âp¡S>¡õV¡$fp¡_ A_¡ L¡$[ëied-rhV$prd_ X$u_u Np¡muAp¡ h`fpe R>¡. lpgdp„ BõV²$p¡S>_-âp¡S>¡õV¡$fp¡__u ApX$Akfp¡ Ýep_dp„ Aphhp\u lpX$L$p„ dS>b|s L$fhp_u _hu _hu v$hpAp¡ ip¡^pep L$f¡ R>¡. Ag¡ÞX²$p_¡V$ A_¡ fprkX²$p¡_¡V$ _pd_u bpeap¡õap¡_¡V$ S|>\_u v$hpAp¡ _bmp„ `X$u Ne¡gp„ lpX$L$p„_u dS>b|su A¡L$ hfk_u A„v$f _p¢^`pÓ âdpZdp„ h^pfu Ap`¡ R>¡. AgbÑ, Ap A_¡ dp¡V$p cpN_u _hu v$hpAp¡ dp¢Ou A_¡ AdyL$ âL$pf_p v$v$}Ap¡dp„ S> Akf L$f¡ R>¡. L¡$[ëiV$p¡q__ _pd_p A„s:öph_u v$hp _pL$_p õâ¡ õhê$`¡ dm¡ R>¡, S>¡ lpX$L$p„_¡ h^y dS>b|s b_phhpdp„ D`ep¡Nu \pe R>¡. S>¡ ìe[¼s_p ifufdp„ rhV$prd_ X$u `|fsu AkfL$pfL$sp\u L$pd _ L$fu iL$sy„ lp¡e A¡dp„ L$p¡[ëkV²$pep¡g _pd_y„ rhV$prd_ X$u_y„ S> buSy>„ õhê$` Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ S>¡ AkfL$pfL$ lp¡e R>¡. ãgp¡fpBX$_¡ Mp¡fpL$dp„ g¡hp\u `Z lpX$L$p„_p¡ S>Õ\p¡ h^¡ R>¡. AgbÑ, Ap b^u _hu v$hpAp¡_u ApX$Akf lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ X$p¡¼V$f_u kgpl hNf L$p¡C `Z v$hp g¡hu Å¡CA¡ _l].
X$p¡. L¡$s_ Th¡furgrMs Apfp¡Áe rhi¡_p h^y g¡Mp¡
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ê$d¡V$p¡BX$ Ap\°p®BqV$k rhi¡ ApV$gy„ ÅZu gp¡
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hX$p â^p_\u dp„X$u kpdpÞe h©Ù ìe[¼s ky^u_p OZp_¡ l¡fp_ L$fsp¡ O|„V$Z_p kp„^p_p¡ Okpfp¡
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b¡W$pXy$ Æh_ R>p¡X$p¡, A¡[¼V$h b_p¡
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sph, sp`, Ähf_u ÅZhp S>¡hu hpsp¡
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k|L$p„ amp¡dp„ fl¡gp„ A¡[ÞV$Ap¡[¼kX$ÞV$ sÒhp¡ ifuf_¡ fp¡Np¡\u bQphu iL¡$ R>¡
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bpe`pk Ap¡`f¡i_ `R>u iy„ L$pmÆ fpMhu Å¡CA¡?
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g| ¼epf¡L$ Æhg¡Z `Z b_u iL¡
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ågX$â¡if L$pb|dp„ fpMhp dpV¡$ Mp¡fpL$_u ApV$gu L$pmÆ M|b S>ê$fu R>¡
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bpmL$p¡dp„ d¡v$h©qÙ_y„ âdpZ ceS>_L$ fus¡ h^u füy„ R>¡
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A_pS>_¡ Mphp_u L$mp iuMp¡
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Ap`Ops_„y dy¿e L$pfZ qX$â¡i_ lp¡e R>¡
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V$u.bu. rhi¡ ApV$gy„ sp¡ ÅZhy„ S> Å¡CA¡
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S>¡ Mpe cpÆ A¡_u srbes spÆ