L$p[Þs cË$

dykp¡gu_u _pd_p bmL$V$ BV$prge_ fpS>`yfyj A_¡ s¡d_p rhQpfhpmp qagk|a gyC dp¡fuk¡ L$l¡gy„, "B_A¡[¼V$rhV$u BT X¡$\... gpCa BT A¡¼V$ A¡ÞX$ _p¡V$ Vy$ Xy$ BT X¡$\.' A\p®s¹ L$p¡C `X$L$pf Aph¡ Ðepf¡ lp\ Å¡X$u_¡ L¡$ d|„Y$ \C_¡ b¡ku fl¡hy„ s¡ dp¡s bfpbf R>¡. Æh_ A¡V$g¡ S> âh©rÑ A_¡ kss âh©Ñ fl¡hp\u S> dpZk Æhsp¡ fl¡ R>¡.

NyS>fpsdp„ ^fsuL„$` \ep `R>u _h _h L$gpL$ bpv$ qv$ëlu_u kfL$pf¡ L¡$rb_¡V$ qdqV„$$N bp¡gphu. s¡ `R>u 24 L$gpL$ `kpf \C Nep Ðepf¡ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf¡ rhv¡$i_u V¡$[¼_L$g klpe dpV¡$ dp\y„ ^yZpìey„.

"A¡riephuL$'_p `ÓL$pf V$p¡X$ ¾$p¡h¡g L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Äep„ õ`uX$ S>ê$fu lsu Ðep„ kfL$pf r_Z®e L$fhpdp„ `p¡sp_p¡ õhuV$ V$pBd g¡su lsu. `Z lh¡ bpÆ Ap`Zp lp\dp„ Aphhu Å¡CA¡. NC L$pg ky^u Ly$v$fs_p¡ L¡$f lsp¡. ApS>¡ _hr_dp®Zdp„ gpNhy„ Å¡CA¡. A¡ L$fhy„ lh¡ dp_hu_p lp\_u hps b_¡ R>¡.

L$ÃR>dp„ S>¡ Apr\®L$ L¡$ Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ _yL$kp_ L¡$ Bdpfsp¡_¡ _yL$kp_ \ey„ R>¡ s¡ dp_hp¡_u `lp¢Q_u blpf_y„ _\u. dpÓ ^fsuL„$`_¡ L$pfZ¡ gpN¡gp ùv$e_p ApOpsp¡, rhfl_u h¡v$_pAp¡, NyS>fps kfL$pf_p OpsL$ rhg„bp¡ A_¡ bpmL$p¡_p„ l¥epapV$ fyv$_p¡_y„ d|ëe Ap„L$u iL$pe _l]. `f„sy kdN° _yL$kp_ Arsiep¡[¼s hNf 2.5 AbS> X$p¡gf_y„ R>¡. s¡d "gp¡k A¡ÞS>¡gk V$pBçk' L$l¡ R>¡. A¡ rhv¡$iu AMbpf 11000 dpBg R>¡V¡$ b¡ku_¡ A_¡ s¡_p qf`p¡V$®f Älp¡_ \p¡f X¡$lgbN®_p A„v$pS> âdpZ¡ L$lu iL¡$ R>¡ L¡$ cpfs v¡$i dpV¡$ A_¡ NyS>fps dpV¡$ Ap Apr\®L$ k„L$V$ sp¡ Q`V$u hNpX$sp„ kpfy„ \C iL¡$ R>¡. dpÓ s¡dp„e Ágp¡bg âepk A_¡ dy¼s kplk_¡ gpNy L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡. NyS>fps S>bfv$õs fpÄe R>¡.

• Ad¡qfL$p_p rhipmdp„ rhipm _¡b°põL$p fpÄe S>¡hXy„$ NyS>fps R>¡.


• kplrkL$, kl_iug A_¡ F>Sy> õhcph_u âÅ R>¡.


• v¡$idp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ L$p`X$_p DÐ`pv$__p¡ rlõkp¡ NyS>fps_¡ cpN¡ R>¡.


• v¡$i_u Ly$g r_L$pk_u ÓuÅ cpN_u r_L$pk NyS>fpsdp„\u \pe R>¡.


• v$¡i_p„ sdpd b„v$fp¡dp„\u dpÓ L„$X$gp_y„ b„v$f S>¡_p âÐe¡ S>hplfgpg _l¡fy A_¡ B[Þv$fp Np„^uA¡ kphLy„$ hs®_ fp¿ey„ A_¡ R>sp„ kfv$pf `V¡$g_u âMf sdÞ_p\u Ecy„ \ey„ s¡ L„$X$gp b„v$f åeyfp¡¾¡$V$¹k_p c°ô$pQpf A_¡ fpÄe kfL$pf_u v$NX$pC R>sp„ v¡$i_p Ly$g d¡fuV$pBd L$pNp¡®_p¡ 15 V$L$p rlõkp¡ ^fph¡ R>¡. d¡fuV$pCd L$pNp®¡ A¡V$g¡ v$rfepC fõs¡\u lp\ ^fpsu dpg_u l¡fa¡f-Apepsr_L$pk.


• L$ÃR>-NyS>fpsdp„ S>Nrh¿eps A¡hp 50,000 lõsL$gp_p L$pfuNfp¡ R>¡ S>¡Ap¡ 1 L$fp¡X$ X$p¡gf_u L$gpL$pfuNfu, S|>_u, NpdW$u õV$pBg_p„ h÷p¡ hN¡f¡ b_phu S>Nsdp„ X„$L$p¡ hNpX¡$ R>¡. L$ÃR>_p„ bÞ_u, ^dfL$p, cX$gu, s¡fp, _rmep, hpep¡f, thTpZbpfp s\p ^yau S>¡hp„ Npdp¡_p„ _pdp¡ Ad¡qfL$p_u a¡i__u v$yr_epdp„ â¿eps R>¡. kfL$d, cfsu, Ly„$Nfp, L$p„Nfp, OfQp¡mp„, AS>fM (R>p`¡gu Qpv$f) hN¡f¡_y„ L$pd L$f_pfp L$pfuNfp¡_p„ l¥ep„ lÆ kpb|s R>¡.


• AbX$pkp spgyL$p_p bpfp Npddp„ bp„^ZuL$pd L$f_pfp dpdv$ Agudpdv$ MÓu L¡$ cyS> spgyL$p_p cyÅ¡X$u Npd_p ^pbmp_p hZL$f NpcycpC S>MycpC hZL$f L¡$ _MÓpZp spgyL$p_p cX$gu Npd_u apsdpbpC MÓu L¡$ AS>fM râ[ÞV„$N L$f_pfp dp¡lçdv$ rkqv$L$ MÓu lÆ ^dfL$p Npd¡ Æh¡ R>¡. s¡d_p„ Of `X$u Nep„ R>¡, `Z s¡d_p„ lp\-Ap„Nmp„ lÆ kpb|s R>¡. Ap Nfub L$pfuNfp¡_¡ l¥e¡ lpd R>¡. s¡d_¡ tlds A_¡ _pZp„ Ap`p¡ sp¡ L$pg¡ Ecp \C S>i¡. i¡M Npd_p„ "kya' cfsL$pd L$f_pfp„ v$epbl¡_ frsgpg cp_pZu L$v$u vy$óL$pm L¡$ Ly$v$fsu Apas\u Ncfpep„ _\u sp¡ Ap`Z¡ iy„ L$pd Ncfphy„ Å¡CA¡?


• v¡$idp„ \su Ly$g `¡V²$p¡rged `¡v$pip¡dp„\u 55 V$L$p sp¡ NyS>fpsdp„ b_¡ R>¡. apdp®õeyqV$L$ëk_p n¡Ó¡ \sp Ap¥j^p¡_p r_dp®Zdp„ NyS>fps_p¡ rlõkp¡ 45 V$L$p R>¡. V$p¡f¡ÞV$ A_¡ qfgpeÞk s¡d S> A¡QX$uA¡aku_p S>_L$p¡ NyS>fpsu R>¡.

Åd_Nfdp„ qfgpeÞk_u qfapB_fuAp¡_¡ Mpk _yL$kp_ _\u \ey„ s¡ A_ug A„bpZu kpQu v$p_s\u L$l¡sp lp¡e sp¡ s¡ kpfu hps R>¡. ^pfp¡ L¡$ _yL$kp_ \ey„ lp¡e sp¡ `Z 13-14 hj® `l¡gp„ dy„bC _ÆL$ qfgpeÞk_p¡ `pspmN„Np_p¡ àgpÞV$ Xy$bpX$u v¡$hp_u Ly$v$fs_u ep¡S>_p_¡ A_ug A„bpZuA¡ ^|mdp„ d¡mhu_¡ f¡L$p¡X®$ kdedp„ àgpÞV$ iê$ L$fu _pM¡gp¡. s¡ Å¡sp„ A_ug A„bpZu ApMp L$ÃR>_¡ buÅ DÛp¡N`rsAp¡_u dv$v$\u Ecy„ L$fu iL¡$ R>¡. dpÓ s¡ L$pd lh¡ S>gv$u\u Ap v$NX$u kfL$pf_p lp\dp„\u T|„V$hu_¡ åeyfp¡¾¡$V$¹k_¡ Ap DÛp¡N_p b¡ÓZ kplrkL$p¡A¡ fQ¡gp _hr_dp®Z L$p¡`p£f¡i_ l¡W$m dyL$php Å¡CA¡.

Ágp¡bg ×rô$A¡ rhQpfuA¡ R>uA¡ sp¡ L¡$iycpC_¡ L$l¡hy„ Å¡CA¡ L¡$ r_óW$p\u, TX$`\u A_¡ Ðhfp\u L$pd L$f_pfp dpV¡$ S>Áep Mpgu L$fp¡.

NyS>fps_p AÏàgpÞV$_¡ _yL$kp_ \ey„ _\u. dp¡V$p„ Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ N©lp¡_¡ dp¡Vy„$ _yL$kp_ _\u \ey„. kv¹$cpÁe¡ lpBV¡$¼_p¡gp¡Æ\u ^bL$sp„ il¡fp¡ b¢Ngp¡f A_¡ l¥v$fpbpv$dp„ \p¡X$u c|L„$`_u ^°yÅfu Apìep R>sp„ s¡ Adv$phpv$\u M|b M|b v|$f R>¡ A_¡ kpbys R>¡. A¡ lpBV¡$¼_p¡gp¡Æ_p„ il¡fp¡_¡ NyS>fps¡ `p¡s¡ Ly$v$fs_p T`pV$p Tugu_¡ `pW$ iuMìep¡ R>¡ : "kph^p_, sdpd rb[ëX„$Np¡_¡ L„$`-â|a b_php¡.'

gp¡k A¡ÞS>¡gk _ÆL$ "rkrgL$p¡_B[ÞX$ep' (Siliconindia) _pd_u Ap¡_gpB_ V¡$¼_p¡gp¡Æ_u h¡bkpBV$ Ecu \C R>¡ s¡_p s„Óu ep¡N¡i idp® L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap _yL$kp_ NyS>fps h¡W$u _ iL¡$ s¡hy„ S>åbf _\u. üyg¡V$ `¡L$pX®$, BÞV¡$g L$p¡`p£f¡i_, dpB¾$p¡kp¡ãV$ hN¡f¡ L„$`_uAp¡ lh¡ h^y âdpZdp„ s¡_p„ ApDV$ kp¡rk¯N_p„ L$pd cpfs_¡ kp¢`¡ s¡ Å¡hp_y„ R>¡, s¡_p¡ Qp¢` fpMhp_p¡ R>¡.

rkqgL$p¡_ h¡gu_p S> cpfsuep¡A¡ c|L„$`fpls dpV¡$ lÅfp¡ X$p¡gf c¡Np L$ep® R>¡. dp¡N®_ Q¡_gu X$u_ huV$f _pd_p rkr_ef BL$p¡_p¡rdõV$ qfL$pX$p£ bpfb¡efu S>¡Ap¡ Ágp¡bg BdftS>N dpL£$V¹k_y„ dp¡q_V$qf„N L$f¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ L$l¡ R>¡, "cpfs_y„ A\®s„Ó Ap c|L„$`_p¡ ApOps `¡ë`¡bg fus¡ kl_ L$fi¡. cpfsue A\®s„Ó qfbpDÞX$ gC_¡ ky^fi¡.'

`¡ë`¡bg (palpable) A¡V$g¡ õ\|m-klS>>N°pü. A¡L$ Ad¡qfL$_ dpZk S>¡ AÐepf¡ g„X$_dp„ R>¡ s¡ BL$p¡_p¡rdõV$ Äepf¡ L$lu iL¡$ R>¡ L¡$ c|L„$`_p¡ Ap ¾|$f k`pV$p¡ cpfs dpV¡$ klS>N°pü R>¡, õ\|m R>¡ A_¡ i¡fbÅf¡ `Z Ap Ly$v$fsu k„L$V$\u Ncfphp_y„ _\u, sp¡ Ap`Z¡ iy„ L$pd Ncfph„y?

EgV$p_y„, Å¡ lh¡ 19du kv$u_p L¡$iycpC_¡ bv$g¡ 21du kv$u_y„ k„L$V$ 22du kv$u_p Sy>õkp\u lp\ ^fpe sp¡ NyS>fpsdp„ qfL$ÞõV²$¼i__p¡ S>åbf Sy>hpm Aphu iL$i¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ DÐ`pv$__y„ S>¡ _yL$kp_ Ney„ R>¡ s¡ "bpDÞkb¡L$' \C_¡ B_pdê$`¡ dmi¡. A\®s„Ó_u dy[¼s L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ s¡d lh¡ Ap N„v$p, kyõs, Apmky, sp¡fugp, T¡fugp A_¡ qL$Þ_pMp¡f fpS>L$pfZuAp¡_p lp\dp„\u L$ÃR>_p _hr_dp®Z_¡ dy¼s L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡. Al] L$ÃR>dp„ fpls L$pe®_¡ L$pev¡$kf Mp_Nu kplk dpV¡$ dy¼s L$fh„y Å¡CA¡. dpÓ A¡L$ drl_p ky^u DÐ`pv$_ 50 V$L$p OV$u S>i¡.

Qu_dp„ a¼s 10 fÅAp¡ lp¡e R>¡. _hp hj®dp„ sdpd fÅAp¡ Qu_pAp¡ cp¡Nhu g¡ R>¡. v$k qv$hk b^y„ S> b„^ lp¡e R>¡. `R>u L$R>p¡V$p¡ hpmu_¡ Qu_pAp¡ 355 qv$hk L$pd¡ gpNu Åe R>¡. A¡V$g¡ c|L„$`¡ Å¡ Ap`Z_¡ V¡$Þ`ffu `¡f¡qgqkkdp„ d|¼ep lp¡e sp¡ s¡dp„\u Ap`Z¡ blpf Aphu_¡ d„X$u `X$hp_u S> S>ê$f R>¡.

L$p¡Þa¡X$f¡i_ Ap¡a B[ÞX$e_ BÞX$õV²$u_p qX$f¡¼V$f ky_ug `pf¡M L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ c|L„$`\u 2.2 AbS> X$p¡gf_„y _yL$kp_ Ney„ R>¡ s¡ cpfs S>¡hp Nfub v¡$i dpV¡$ OÏ„ R>¡. `f„sy S>¡ v¡$idp„ L$pQu fpô²$ue `¡v$pi 500 AbS> X$p¡gf_u R>¡ s¡ v¡$i dpV¡$ c|L„$` L$p¡C _ ky^pfu iL$pe s¡hy„ AkpÝe A_¡ õ\|m _yL$kp_ L$fu iL¡$ _l]. lp, dp_hu_p Bdp¡i_g ^½$pAp¡ AL$ëàe A_¡ ùv$eÖphL$ R>¡ `Z s¡_u "v$hp' Ap`Zu `pk¡ S> R>¡. Ap`Zu Cïhf `f_u îÙp L$pd gpNu flu R>¡. a¡¼V$fuAp¡dp„\u OZu b^u kpbys R>¡. lh¡ A¡k¡çbgu gpC_ S>gv$u iê$ \hu Å¡CA¡. L$pdv$pfp¡ X$fu_¡ cpNu Nep R>¡ s¡d_¡ S>gv$u `pR>p bp¡gphhp Å¡CA¡. s¡Ap¡ Aphi¡ S>. fpb¡sp dyS>b_y„ DÐ`pv$_ `pRy>„ iê$ L$fhpdp„ 1 dpQ®, 2001_u X¡$X$gpC_ _½$u L$fhu Å¡CA¡.

L$piufpd fpZp_p¡ _yL$kp__p¡ A„v$pS> ky_ug `pf¡M_p A„v$pS> L$fsp„ bdZp¡ R>¡ `Z A¡ sp¡ L¡$ÞÖ `pk¡\u dv$v$ L$psfhp_p¡ c¡Å_p¡ Ap„L$X$p¡ `Z lp¡C iL¡$ R>¡. Adv$phpv$ õV$p¡L$ A¡¼kQ¡ÞS>_p 5000 S>¡V$gp b°p¡L$fp¡-kbb°p¡L$fp¡dp„\u AX$^p¡AX$^ dpZkp¡ blydpmu dL$p_\u NcfpC_¡ blpf _uL$mu Nep R>¡. s¡_p¡ X$f S>sp„ s¡Ap¡ S>ê$f `pR>p Aphi¡. AÐepf¡ sp¡ OZp i¡fv$gpgp¡ bNuQpdp„, NpX$udp„, s„bydp„ L¡$ kX$L$ D`f k|h¡ R>¡. `Z ^uf¡ ^uf¡ b^y„ kpdpÞe \C S>i¡.

12du a¡b°yApfuA¡ kp¡dhpf¡ M|gsu bÅfdp„ Adv$phpv$_p i¡fv$gpgp¡ `pR>p rk„lNS>®_p L$fsp \pe s¡hu A`¡np fpMuA¡. Apr\®L$ Aõsìeõssp S>ê$f \C R>¡. 25,000 V$_\u h^y A_pS> A_¡ kp¡epAp¡Bg r_L$pk \ep hNf f¡Y$p„ `X$ép„ R>¡. A¡L$ X$T_ S>lpÅ¡ L„$X$gpdp„ dpg g¡hp L¡$ dpg L$pY$hp Ecp„ R>¡.

Ap c|L„$` v¡$i_p õV²$¼Qfg BS>_¡fp¡ A_¡ ApqL®$V¡$¼V¹k dpV¡$ `X$L$pf R>¡. Apdp„_p OZp õV²$¼Qfg BS>_¡fp¡ A_¡ ApqL®$V¡$¼V¹$k rbëX$fê$`¡ hV$gpC_¡ fpS>L$pfZuAp¡_¡ hV$gphu_¡ Ap c|L„$`dp„ M|_u S>¡hp b_u Nep R>¡. s¡d_p lp\ 1000 S>¡V$gp gp¡L$p¡_p„ dp¡s dpV¡$ gp¡lu\u f„Npe¡gp R>¡. s¡_p¡ âòpsp` A¡L$ S> R>¡-rS>„v$Nucf NyS>fpsdp„ L¡ buS>¡ ¼ep„e `Z _½$f qX$TpB__p„ QZsf L$f¡.

qa_g¡ÞX$dp„ S>Þd¡gp Ad¡qfL$_ ApqL®$V¡$¼V$ Befp¡ kpfu_¡_¡ L$üy„ R>¡, "Always design a thing by considering it in larger context-a chair in a room, a room in a house, a house in an environment, an environment in a city-plan.' V|„$L$dp„ Of bp„^su hMs¡ ApMp il¡f_p `ep®hfZ_u auL$f L$fp¡.

c|L„$` rhi¡_p Al¡hpgp¡ A_¡ skhufp¡

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?