In his search for 'new battlefields', he resigned from all positions in government and renounced his Cuban citizenship.

For two years, his whereabouts remained secret.

Photograph: The Cuban-Argentinian guerrilla poses with a Congo soldier involved in the revolutionary movement Guevara led in that country. After the failure of the uprising, Guevara spent several months in Tanzania where he wrote about his experience in the Congo resulting in the book Pasajes de la Guerra Revolucionaria: Congo (Writings on Revolutionary War: Congo)" which became available in Cuba for the first time in 1999. Photograph: AFP/Getty Images