On Jinnah, The Two-Nation Man
Jinnah gave up politics in 1930. He had begun disliking the Congress party because of Mahatma Gandhi's absolute control over its policies and the Muslim League was not yet ready for a leader of his stature. So, he left India and settled down in London.
In 1934, Liaqat Ali Khan (who went on to become the first prime minister of Pakistan) came to England with his newly wed wife Rana for their honeymoon. He convinced Jinnah that he should join the Muslim League and return to India.
Rana, a Hindu girl who had converted to Islam, was instrumental in convincing Jinnah to return to India.
When the provincial elections were held in the winter of 1937 in India, the Muslim League fared badly in all Muslim areas. The Unionist Party won in Punjab, the North-West Frontier Province was won by the Congress and Sindh went to Allah Baksh's Independent Party.
Jinnah then realised there was no other way but to demand a separate state for Muslims. It was a turning point, both for Jinnah and India.
Photograph: Courtesy Dinkar Josh's book Pratinayak
Also See: The Advani Speech