Photographs: Stephen Hird/Reuters
About 130,000,000 carats (26,000kg) of diamonds are mined annually, with a total value of nearly $9 billion, and about 100,000kg are synthesized annually, according to pubs.acs.org.
Roughly 49 per cent of diamonds originate from Central and Southern Africa, although significant sources of the mineral have been discovered in Canada, India, Russia, Brazil, and Australia, says minerals.usgs.gov.
The mining and distribution of natural diamonds are subjects of frequent controversy such as concerns over the sale of blood diamonds or conflict diamonds by African paramilitary groups, according to web.archive.org.
The diamond supply chain is controlled by a limited number of powerful businesses, and is also highly concentrated in a small number of locations around the world, it says.
Let's take a look at how some break their backs searching for the elusive gem and at some dazzling diamonds.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Katrina Manson/Reuters
Mustapha Kamara, 46, washes muddy gravel in the hope of finding diamonds in Sierra Leone's eastern town of Koidu.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Reuters
A labourer works in a diamond open cast mine near Kpetewama in Sierra Leone.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Simon Akam/Reuters
Artisanal diamond miners work at Tumbodu, north of the town of Koidu, in eastern Sierra Leone.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Victoria Averill/Reuters
Women dig into the tailings of a diamond mining pit in eastern Sierra Leone.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: David Lewis/Reuters
A villager holds some diamonds dug out from a mine outside the village of Sam Ouandja, northeast of the Central African Republic.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Joan Sullivan/Reuters
A view of a diamond cutting factory in Botswana's capital Gaborone.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Arko Datta/Reuters
Employees work at a diamond cutting and polishing factory in the Surat in Gujarat.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Yves Herman/Reuters
A diamond is polished at a workshop in Antwerp, Belgium.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Tyrone Siu/Reuters
An employee works with diamonds at a jewellery factory in China's southern city of Shenzhen.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Yves Herman/Reuters
Diamonds are displayed at the certification level of the World Diamond Centre in Antwerp, Belgium.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Tyrone Siu/Reuters
An employee checks diamonds at a jewellery factory in China's southern city of Shenzhen.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Petr Josek/Reuters
A diamond encrusted golf ball is put on display prior to the Moravia Silesia Open golf tournament in Celadna, the Czech Republic.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Francois Lenoir/Reuters
A 8,560 euros diamond ring is displayed in Brussels, Belgium.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Finbarr O'Reilly/Reuters
A Sotheby's employee holds a 30.48 carat, D colour, Internally and Externally Flawless Type IIA diamond in New York. The diamond is priced between $3.3 million and $3.8 million.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Yves Herman/Reuters
A jewel made with diamonds is inspected in a shop in Antwerp, Belgium.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Peter Macdiarmid/Reuters
A model wears a Cartier diamond and pearl bandeau, estimated at $150,000 - $200,000, beneath a Cartier pendant necklace, priced between $800,000 - $1,200,000, both owned by billionaire US heiress Doris Duke, at Christie's auctioneers in London.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Yves Herman/Reuters
A diamond is displayed at the certification level of the World Diamond Centre in Antwerp, Belgium.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Toby Melville/Reuters
Sotheby's employee Marta models an extremely rare Van Cleef and Arpels 6.43 carat vivid pink diamond ring at the auction house in central London. The ring is priced at $6-$7 million.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Toby Melville/Reuters
A staff member lifts the largest D colour internally flawless diamond ever to appear at auction from its display box at Sotheby's auction house in London. The diamond weighs 103.83 carats and is priced between $8-10 million.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Siphiwe Sibeko/Reuters
A visitor holds a 17 carat diamond at a Petra Diamonds mine in Cullinan, outside Pretoria, in South Africa.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Reuters
President of the Israel Diamond Exchange Shmuel Schnitzer looks at an 11 karat South African diamond in Tel Aviv, Israel.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Finbarr O'Reilly/Reuters
A necklace featuring the Evening Star, a 39 carat, D colour Golconda diamond, estimated to sell for between $3.6 and $5.5 million, sits in a display case in New York.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Denis Balibouse/Reuters
A Christie's employee wears a sapphire (33.23 carats) and diamond ring by Repossi, centre, a 30.52 carat diamond ring (D colour, Flawless), left, and a Fancy Intense Yellow diamond ring (57.02 carats), right, in Geneva, Switzerland.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Juda Ngwenya/Reuters
Rough diamonds during their sorting process are seen at the Botswana Diamond Valuing Company in Gaborone.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Arko Datta/Reuters
An employee at a merchant's workshop inspects diamonds while grading them in Mumbai.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Arnd Wiegmann/Reuters
An employee of Sotheby's auctioneers displays the Beau Sancy diamond during a media preview in Zurich, Switzerland. The historic 34.98 carat diamond has an estimate price of $2-4million.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Tyrone Siu/Reuters
The 'Martian Pink', a 12.04-carat Fancy Intense pink (Type IIa) diamond, is shown during a media preview at Christie's, in Hong Kong.
According to the company, the diamond is worth an estimated value of $8 to $12 million.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Goran Tomasevic/Reuters
An illegal dealer from Zimbabwe displays diamonds for sale in Manica, near the border with Zimbabwe.
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The shine and dark side of diamonds
Photographs: Fadi Al-assaad/Reuters
A man holds 'The Mouawad 1001 Nights Diamond Purse' on displayed at the Doha Jewellery and Watches Exhibition in Qatar. The handbag incorporates 18 kt gold, 4,517 diamonds, weighs 381.92 carats and is valued at $3.8 million - setting the world record for the most expensive handbag, according the Guinness World Records.
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