A court in Gava near the Catalan capital has decided to proceed with the case after the charges were announced by the public prosecutor on Monday and has called Mascherano to testify, according to a statement on Thursday.
Mascherano, who joined Barca from English club Liverpool in August 2010, is alleged to have sought to conceal earnings from his image rights by using companies set up in the United States and Portugal, the prosecutor's office said.
The 31-year-old is accused of defrauding the authorities of 587,822.01 euros in 2011 and 968,907.76 in 2012, they added.
Mascherano, who has made no public comment on the charges, last month paid the money owed plus almost 200,000 euros interest, the office said, and local media have reported this could work in his favour if he is found guilty.
Barca have not responded to a request for comment sent on Monday after the charges were announced.
Image: Javier Mascherano
Photograph: David Ramos/Getty Images