Coach Dunga included Flamengo's former Inter Milan forward, last picked in March, for the games against Argentina in Rosario on September 5 and at home to Chile in Salvador four days later.
Having recovered from off-field problems that almost caused him to quit football, Adriano is among the leading scorers in the Brazilian championship. He was released by Inter in April and returned home, joining Flamengo within weeks.
Brazil lead the South American group on 27 points with four matches to go. Chile are second a point behind with Paraguay third on 24 and Argentina fourth with 22.
The top four in the 10-nation group go through to the 2010 World Cup finals in South Africa while the fifth-placed team qualifies for a playoff against a CONCACAF opponent.
Squad:
Goalkeepers: Julio Cesar (Inter Milan), Victor (Gremio)
Defenders: Andre Santos (Fenerbahce), Daniel Alves (Barcelona), Maicon (Inter Milan), Filipe (Deportivo La Coruna), Lucio (Inter Milan), Luisao (Benfica), Miranda (Sao Paulo), Juan (AS Roma)
Midfielders: Elano (Galatasaray), Felipe Melo (Juventus), Gilberto Silva (Panathinaikos), Josue (VfL Wolfsburg), Ramires (Benfica), Julio Baptista (AS Roma), Kaka (Real Madrid), Lucas (Liverpool)
Forwards: Luis Fabiano (Sevilla), Nilmar (Villarreal), Robinho (Manchester City), Adriano (Flamengo)