Rochelle Macfarlane Maria won the silver in girl's triple jump to end India's controversy-marred track and field campaign on a high.
18 Indian track and field athletes were thrown out of the Games because of problems with their age.
Thamake clocked a personal best of two minutes 11.47 seconds to bag the gold ahead of Savinder Kaur (2:14.14) of Malaysia and Sri Lanka's K Dilhani Fernando (2:15.72).
Thamake, who was participating as an Independent Olympic athlete as India is serving a ban, led the eight-athlete field all through and won the race comfortably.
Maria jumped to her personal best of 12.38m which she came up in her fifth and penultimate attempt to win the silver.
Ma Yue of China won the gold with an effort of 12.55m while Lee Hyeonjeong of Korea was third with 12.28m.
India's medal tally swelled to 10 (three gold, three silver, four bronze) to remain in ninth spot with one day remaining.
Kush Kumar had won India's first gold medal at the Games in the men's singles squash competition, while Venkat Rahul Ragala clinched gold in the boys 77-kg weightlifting event.
Image: Anjana Dhavalu Thamake
Photograph: Xinhua/Yang Lei/Nanjing 2013