Adriano was taken off on a stretcher in the 43rd minute of the Italian Serie A game between his club Inter Milan and Fiorentina on Sunday which Inter won 3-2.
Inter said on Sunday that Adriano had a "suspected light strain to his medial ligament on his right knee".
Despite his
He has not started a game since the friendly away to Germany last September.
However, Adriano made his mark at international level when Brazil fielded a second string at last year's Copa America, scoring seven goals to finish top scorer and help Brazil to win the title.
The CBF said the Santos midfielder Ricardinho, a reserve in the 2002 World Cup-winning squad, had been named as a replacement.
Brazil face Peru in Goiania on Sunday before facing the difficult visit to Montevideo's Centenario stadium.
The world champions are second in the 10-nation South American qualifying group with 20 points from 11 games.