Modi, who flew into the Tajik capital from Kyrgyzstan on Sunday night, was accorded a ceremonial reception before getting into talks on a wide range of issues with the Tajik leadership.
"I seek to take India's ties with Tajikistan to newer heights through this visit & expand the scale of cooperation," Modi tweeted.
He will hold detailed discussions with President Emomali Rahmon on regional, bilateral and international issues of mutual interest.
Tajikistan has almost 1,500 kilometres border with Afghanistan. So, the impact of what happens in Afghanistan concerns this area, concerns India, officials said.
India is looking forward to having extensive discussions on the regional issues, particularly in the context of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation which is a regional security grouping concerned with issues like terrorism and drug trafficking.
For India, the prime minister's visit to Tajikistan is strategic in both political and economic terms, they said.
Tajikistan is the final stop for Modi who has already visited Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia besides attending the SCO and BRICS summits in Russia.
Soon after his arrival in capital Dushanbe, Modi tweeted, "Landed in Tajikistan. My gratitude to PM Qohir Rasulzoda for the wonderful welcome."
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