"We sought an arrest warrant for Suthep (Thaugsuban) and the Criminal Court just approved it," said Colonel Sunthorn Kongklam of Bang Sue police station in the capital.
"I ask him to surrender, otherwise police can arrest him on sight," he said.
Thousands of protesters continued their siege of government buildings which began on Monday as the Parliament discussed a no-confidence motion against the prime minister.
Demonstrators surrounded the interior, agriculture, transport, and sports and tourism ministries, ordering officials inside to leave, a day after they broke into the finance and foreign ministries and cut off electric and water supply.
Suthep, a former deputy prime minister and senior leader from the opposition Democrat party, vowed to "seize all ministries" after storming the finance ministry.
The protests raised fears of fresh street violence since 2010 as thousands of demonstrators rallied against Prime Minister Yingluck and her brother Thaksin Shinawatra, who was ousted in a 2006 coup.
The demonstrations, sparked by an amnesty bill that could have allowed the return of Thaksin from self-imposed exile, escalated troubles for Yingluck since she took office in 2011 with Thaksin's support from the 'Red Shirts', whose 2010 protests were crushed by the then Democrat-led government.
Opposition Democrat Party leader and former premier Abhisit Vejjajiva attacked Prime Minister Yingluck, denouncing her as the "centre of comprehensive corruption practises".
During the first day of the censure debate against Yingluck and Interior Minister Charupong Ruangsuwan, Abhisit alleged corrupt practices centred on Yingluck at every step and added that she tolerated corruption from "mountaintop to overlapping sea territories with ulterior motives".
Abhisit said the Yingluck government may have won the majority in the House but it also had caused hardship.
"The government has held the country and its people hostage on several occasions. The prime minister let individuals in the government commit corruption," he said.
The People's Army to Overthrow Thaksin's Regime announced that its protesters would stay overnight in front of the interior ministry.
They could not enter the ministry's compound because riot-control policemen were deployed to guard the ministry.
Image: Thailand Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra ' Photograph: Reuters
'Strong evidence in treason case against Musharraf'
Launch Musharraf's trial for treason: Pak govt asks SC
Musharraf freed after six months of house arrest
Pak parliament moves to bring ISI under civilian control