Automobiles: Pre-Budget Sectoral Analysis

Key pre-budget memorandum for 2004-05 from Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) is as follows::

Reduction in excise duty on passenger cars and passenger vehicles from the current level of 24% to 16%. Duty on imported CVs to be increased to 40% for both new as well as second hand vehicles from the current 20%. However, status quo to be maintained on duties with regards to Passenger Cars/ MUVs and Passenger 3-wheelers

Abolishing the surcharge levy as it is only a temporary levy and reduction in corporate income tax from 35% to 30% and dividend distribution tax from 12.5% to 7.5%, in line with the Kelkar committee recommendations.

Customs duty on certain specific grades of raw materials like CR steel, HR steel, Alloy Steel should be brought down from the existing 15% to 10% as these are not available in India due to low volume and quality limitations.

Introduction of uniform VAT system of taxation as it will reduce market distortions and enhance industry competitiveness. With the introduction of VAT, CST should be phased out since it enhances transaction costs and causes market distortions.

Increasing allocation from automotive cess fund for R&D activities and incentivising fleet retirement programme. This would not only address pollution from in-use vehicles but will also reduce fuel savings, as new vehicles are more fuel-efficient than the older ones.

Withdrawal of special excise duty of 8% on two-wheelers and cars.

Import of second hand vehicles permitted at 105% with effective duty at 180%.

Accelerated depreciation of 50% of new CVs for the first year.

Dereservation of 50 items of select components that fall under the SSI sector.

Administered interest rates lowered by 50 basis points.

Special excise duty on passenger car sales, MUVs and tyres retained.

Petrol and diesel prices reduced.

Peak customs duty reduced from 30% to 25%.

Extension of R&D

Significant thrust on infrastructure development, especially roads. Concerted measures to boost the manufacturing sector.

Middle class story: Increasing affluence of the Indian middle class and introduction of better quality cars has led to strong growth in the industry in terms of both market size and production capacities.

Exports buoyancy: On account of its low cost technical manpower and ever increasing focus on quality, the auto industry has emerged as an export hub, especially for the compact car segment. Exports of passenger cars from the country have increased at a healthy CAGR of nearly 38% during the past five years and increasingly more and more auto majors are lining up to set up their production bases in the country.

Infrastructure thrust: Improvement in road infrastructure has led to increased movement of goods through roadways. Close to 65% of all the goods movement in the country takes place by roads as opposed to 55% a decade ago. Also, owing to the fact that an estimated 39% of CVs plying on the roads are 10 years old, demand for HCVs is expected to grow by a robust rate in the long term.

Low interest rate regime: Close to 80% of the new cars being purchased in the country are financed, thus underlying the importance of a low interest rate regime to the fortunes of the industry. Given that interest rates are unlikely to rise at a rapid rate in the future, we expect the buoyancy in auto sales to continue over the medium to long term.

Environment led benefits: Any implementation of pollution norms in metros, whereby vehicles beyond certain age need to be phased out could further translate into higher volume growth for all vehicles, courtesy the replacement demand.

Concerning income growth: The per capita income in the country has been growing at a slow rate. Since the auto industry growth has a strong correlation with the same, the momentum has to continue to ensure robust automobiles demand. Reforms need to be accelerated.

Competition from imports: With India coming under the WTO purview, competition is expected to rise multifold. Indian companies also have to contend with imports in the future. Already a number of companies are introducing vehicles in the CKD route.

Taxation anomalies: Duties on some select and key raw materials including steel and components are still pretty high and are thus hurting profit margins of the companies. Also, multiple tax rules that exist in different states are eroding the comparative advantage of a large domestic market thus making it important to implement VAT (Value Added Tax) as soon as possible.