Guptill has been an automatic choice for the Black Caps in limited-overs cricket but averages under 30 in 47 Test matches.
"Jeet has been in the picture for a while now and he benefited from spending time in the environment during the tour of Africa," New Zealand selector Gavin Larsen said in a statement on Thursday.
"His form in recent seasons has been excellent and the opportunity for Jeet to begin his international career in familiar conditions will be important."
Ish Sodhi, Jeetan Patel, Luke Ronchi and Doug Bracewell were also axed from the New Zealand squad, which suffered a 0-3 whitewash in India.
Guptill struggled on the slow wickets in India and managed just 159 runs in the three Tests at an average of 26.
All-rounder Colin de Grandhomme was also included in the squad.
"Since Colin returned from injury last season, he's made a number of key contributions with bat and ball," Larsen added.
The first Test in Christchurch starts on November 17.
New Zealand squad: Jeet Raval, Tom Latham, Kane Williamson (captain), Ross Taylor, Henry Nicholls, Colin de Grandhomme, Jimmy Neesham, BJ Watling, Todd Astle, Tim Southee, Neil Wagner, Trent Boult, Matt Henry.
Image: Martin Guptill
Photograph: Rupak De Chowdhuri/Reuters