Petersen, 35, captain of Highveld Lions, has been charged with multiple breaches of CSA's anti-corruption code.
The charges include "contriving to fix or otherwise improperly influence matches during the 2015 Ram Slam".
The South African batsman, who played for Lancashire last season, has been provisionally suspended and has 14 days to respond to the charges.
Gulam Bodi, Jean Symes, Pumelela Matshikwe, Ethy Mbhalati and Thami Tsolekile were all handed lengthy bans by CSA earlier this year for their part in attempting to fix matches in the Ram Slam.
Petersen previously played for English county sides Glamorgan, Essex and Somerset, before joining Lancashire as a non-overseas player after he retired from internationals in 2015.
IMAGE: Alviro Petersen of South Africa.
Photograph: Gareth Copley/Getty Images