The 32-year-old, who went into his 77th Test with 349 victims, reached the milestone when he beat left-hander Jacob Oram in the air and forced him to edge the ball straight to Rahul Dravid at slip.
Kumble also has 308 wickets in 241 one-dayers, making him one of only four players, along with Pakistani pacemen Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis, and Sri Lankan off spinner Muttiah Muralitharan, with more than 300 scalps in both forms of the game.
Former all-rounder Kapil Dev leads the Indian Test list with 434 wickets from 131 matches. West Indies fast bowler Courtney Walsh holds the world record with 519.
Kumble's factfile:
Right-handed batsman, Right-arm leg-break bowler.
Born: Oct 17, 1970.
Teams: Karnataka, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire
Tests: Playing 77th match. 350 wickets, av 27.98 (before current match), best 10-74 v Pakistan in 1999-2000. 20 five-wickets hauls, four 10-wicket matches.
One-dayers: 241, 308 wickets, average 29.63, best 6-12 v West Indies in 1993-94.
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Wrist spinner relying more on top spin and bounce than sideways movement. India's second-highest Test wicket-taker behind Kapil Dev's 434.
Debut in 1990 aged 19. First became known after tormenting England on 1993 tour of India, setting up 3-0 series win.
Became second player in history, with England's Jim Laker, to pick up all 10 wickets in a Test innings against Pakistan in New Delhi in 1999.
Sidelined for more than a year by shoulder injury in October 2000 and underwent surgery January 2001.
Returned to form in December with match figures of eight for 133, including six for 81 in the second innings, against England at Mohali.
Reached 300 Test wickets in the third Test against England at Bangalore in his 66th match. Took his 300th one-day wicket against West Indies in Jamshedpur in 2002, becoming only the third bowler to reach the milestone in both forms of the game.
India's top Test bowlers:
| Bowler | M | Balls | Runs | W | Avg | Best | 5 | 10 | SR | Eco |
| Kapil Dev | 131 | 27740 | 12867 | 434 | 29.64 | 9-83 | 23 | 2 | 63.9 | 2.78 |
| A Kumble | 77 | 23952 | 9815 | 350 | 28.04 | 10-74 | 20 | 4 | 68.4 | 2.45 |
| BS Bedi | 67 | 21364 | 7637 | 266 | 28.71 | 7-98 | 14 | 1 | 80.3 | 2.14 |
| BS Chandrasekhar | 58 | 15963 | 7199 | 242 | 29.74 | 8-79 | 16 | 2 | 65.9 | 2.70 |
| J Srinath | 67 | 15104 | 7196 | 236 | 30.49 | 8-86 | 10 | 1 | 64.0 | 2.85 |