He wants his companies to have speed and agility to adapt to turbulent times
With overseas business making up 70 per cent of Tata group's revenue, chairman Cyrus Mistry remains optimistic about acquisitions -- both within and outside India -- as also growth through the organic route.
He wants his companies to have speed and agility to adapt to "turbulent times".
Each of the group companies is charting its own strategy and growth story, with a focus on sustainable and profitable growth, Mistry asserted.
"We continue to remain open to growth opportunities in India and overseas, through the organic route and acquisitions," he said.
The group invested Rs 415,000 crore ($79 billion) in capex over the last decade. Of this, Rs 170,000 crore ($28 billion) was invested in the last three years alone.
In an interview to the in-house magazine, Mistry, who took over the reins in late 2012 from the legendary Ratan Tata, also spoke about coming to grips with responsibility of chairmanship, multiple challenges facing Tata companies, essentials of technology, innovation and customer centricity, and continuing Tatas' commitment to societal causes.
"We recognise that growth has to be a function of the operating cash flows we generate. At the group level, over the last three years, our operating cash flows have grown by over 30 per cent CAGR. But this, as we know, is not the appropriate way to use such data - our individual companies need to earn the right to grow," Mistry said.
"At the group level, we are focused on helping our companies earn this right by building strong operational cash flows and looking at their capital structures."
But he struck a note of caution: Capex should not be looked in isolation from investment in talent, brands and technology. He feels these will be the true differentiators in future.
"We are building the Tata group of the next 150 years," he said.
Tata group's international revenues are close to 70 per cent of its composite turnover. Also, a majority of the group's capital expenditure in the last three years have been in foreign geographies.
With the opening up of two new markets of Iran and Myanmar, several Tata firms are "gaining traction there".
"It was clear to me relatively early that one needed to confront the challenging situations facing some of our businesses, and ultimately, this would entail hard decisions on pruning the portfolio," Mistry said.
"But I have learned through experience that if you want to do the right thing by all your stakeholders, there are no shortcuts."
Referring to "external influencers and so-called experts calling for churning portfolio", he talked about criticality of the group developing its own prognosis based on knowledge and context, keeping all stakeholders in mind.
He was clear that "we should not be afraid of taking tough decisions for the right reasons, with compassion."
For Mistry, active transformation rather than revolution remains the guiding policy.
"My approach is to ensure we have a deeper understanding of the structural drivers for every stressed business and our presence in that context. We would then evaluate leadership, strategy and operations of each business before we take any decision to exit," he said.
On Tata Steel, Mistry said it is low on cost curve, produces differentiated products, is a strong brand and has helped them survive in a period when most steel producers globally are under water. He pointed to main factors underpinning sustainability in each company as different.
He took the line that opportunities have to be looked at with a global landscape in mind for most industries.
"However, one also has to consider business environment, and India is particularly well placed, when compared with several other markets, in terms of growth prospects in multiple sectors," he said.
Appreciating his predecessor Ratan Tata's leadership, the Tata group chairman said his vision to take the entity global in the early 2000s has given it a very strong platform.
"I think the onus is now on us to build on that, and to make sure we not only have a global footprint, but we create global mindsets," he said.
The strategy at the group level, Mistry said, is to get closer to consumers to anticipate their needs.
Mistry also put a premium on enlisting customer loyalty and building strong brands that help companies weather many storms and often allow passing on of some of the volatility to the market.
"In keeping with the Tata ethos, we are fully committed to maintaining the highest standards of ethics and governance in the conduct of business by our enterprises," the group chief said.
This includes emphasis at the group level on certain standards and longer-term aspirations, providing sufficient autonomy to group companies and boards to independently focus on creating value for all stakeholders and parenting styles that meet needs of individual companies at their individual stage of growth and maturity.
Mistry felt that significant changes in the external world, including regulatory changes, have "provided us the opportunity to reflect on our policies and practices in corporate governance".
Photograph: Reuters