NyS>fps kfL$pf¡ _hu `„Qhj}e Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ _urs_p OX$sf dpV¡$ R>p_uR>`_u L$hpesp¡ iê$ L$fu v$u^u R>¡. Np„^u_Nf_p„ k|Óp¡ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap k|rQs Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ _urs A„N¡ S>¡ ArcNd s¥epf \C füp¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ L¡$rdL$g A_¡ àgp[õV$L$ DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ fpÄedp„ rhL$pk L$fhp¡, rhõspf L$fhp¡ s¡hu qv$ip Q]^hpdp„ Aphu flu R>¡.

AÐepf ky^u S>¡ Y$b¡ NyS>fpsdp„, rhi¡j L$fu_¡ "Np¡ëX$_ L$p¡qfX$p¡f', (hX$p¡v$fp-kyfs-hp`u-A„L$g¡ðfhpmp rhõspf) `¡V²$p¡-L¡$rdL$g DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ ApX¡$^X$ rhL$pk \ep¡ s¡_¡ gu^¡ "Ak„¿e cp¡`pg' kÅ®e s¡hu Api„L$p hpf„hpf ìe¼s \C Q|L$u R>¡. v$rnZ¡ hp`u\u dp„X$u dÝe NyS>fpsdp„ hX$p¡v$fp-Adv$phpv$ ky^u_u fpô²$ue ^p¡fudpN®_¡-f¡gdpN®_¡ kdp„sf `Ë$u D`f TX$`c¡f DÛp¡Np¡ rhõsfhp dp„X$ép Ðepf¡ lfMc¡f Ap `Ë$u_¡ "kyhZ® `°p„NZ' (Np¡ëX$_ L$p¡qfX$p¡f)_y„ _pd A`pey„. S>¡Z¡ Ap _pd `pX$éy„ li¡, s¡_¡ sp¡ A¡hy„ S> gpÁey„ li¡ L¡$ NyS>fps DÛp¡Np¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ kp¡_p_p¡ dbgM dp¡g gZsy„ fl¡i¡. Mf¡Mf NyS>fps¡ Ap `Ë$u `f_p `¡V²$p¡-L¡$rdL$g DÛp¡Np¡_¡ gu^¡ T¡f_p¡ dp¡g gZhp dp„X$ép¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ S> bv$k|fs b_phhp dp„X$éy„ R>¡.

DÛp¡NuL$fZdp„ NyS>fps_u k|fs L¡$hu `gV$pC s¡_p¡ ¿epg sp¡ A¡ D`f\u Aphi¡ L¡$ k_ 1965dp„ NyS>fps_p Ly$g DÛp¡Np¡dp„ Ap¡R>p âv|$jZhpmp L$p`X$ DÛp¡N_p¡ apmp¡ 89 V$L$p S>¡V$gp¡ lsp¡, S>¡ k_ 1995 Aphsp„ Aphsp„ L¡$hm 15 V$L$p \C Nep¡. buÆ bpSy> âv|$jZ a¡gphhpdp„ A¡½$p A¡hp L¡$rdL$g DÛp¡Np¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ `¡V²$p¡-L¡$rdL$ëk, apdp®õeyV$uL$ëk s\p àgp[õV$L$ S>¡hp DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ kdph¡i \pe s¡_y„ âdpZ 1970 ky^u _NÎe lsy„ s¡ 1995dp„ 14 V$L$p S>¡V$gy„ \C Ney„. Å¡ âv|$jZ a¡gph_pfp-a¡gphu iL¡$ s¡hp kOmp DÛp¡Np¡ gCA¡ L¡$ S>¡dp„ L¡$rdL$ëk_u kp\¡, ^psy s\p ^psyS>Þe DÛp¡Np¡ A_¡ dfu_ DÛp¡Np¡ `Z Aph¡ sp¡ s¡_y„ âdpZ NyS>fpsdp„ 1965dp„ dpÓ 5 V$L$p lsy„ s¡ apm¡ A_¡ agp„N¡ h^u_¡ 1995dp„ 43 V$L$p S>¡V$gy„ \C Ney„. gOy DÛp¡Np¡dp„ `Z `°v|$jZ a¡gphsp DÛp¡Np¡_y„ âdpZ Apif¡ 36 V$L$p S>¡V$gy„ R>¡ A_¡ âv|$jZ r_e„ÓZ _pddpÓ_y„.

NyS>fps_p g¡bf L$rdí_f¡V$ Üpfp 46 S>¡V$gp„ AÐe„s Msf_pL$ fkpeZp¡_u epv$u b_phu rS>ëgphpf s¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L¡$V$gp A¡L$dp¡ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ ârkÙ L$fhpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡. g¡bf L$rdí_f¡V$ Üpfp Aphp„ T¡f ^fphsp„ fkpeZp¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L$fsp lp¡e s¡hp A¡L$dp¡_y„ L$pmÆ`|h®L$ r_funZ \hy„ Å¡CA¡ A¡d `Z k|Qhpey„ R>¡. Å¡ rS>ëgphpf Ap„L$X$pAp¡ `f _S>f _p„MuA¡ sp¡ S>Zpe R>¡ L¡$ hX$p¡v$fp T¡fugp fkpeZp¡ `¡v$p L$fsp A¡L$dp¡dp„ k„¿ep_u ×rô$A¡ kp¥\u `l¡gp _„bf¡ Aph¡. Ap rS>ëgpdp„ Aphu 84 a¡¼V$fuAp¡ Aph¡gu R>¡. Adv$phpv$ buÅ _„bf¡ 60 a¡L$V$fuAp¡ kp\¡ hgkpX$ 42 a¡¼V$fuAp¡ kp\¡ ÓuÅ _„bf¡ Aph¡. cfyQ A_¡ kyfsdp„ A_y¾$d¡ 33 A_¡ 29 a¡¼V$fuAp¡ Msf_pL$ fkpeZp¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L$fu flu R>¡. buÅ iåv$p¡dp„ L$luA¡ sp¡ Adv$phpv$\u hp`u_p s\pL$r\s "Np¡ëX$_ L$p¡qfX$p¡f'dp„ rhjp¼s a¡¼V$fuAp¡dp„\u A¢ku V$L$p a¡¼V$fuAp¡ L¡$[ÞÖs \e¡gu R>¡ A_¡ A¡V$g¡ S> Ap c|rd cp¡`pg S>¡hu Ak„¿e vy$O®V$_pAp¡_¡ S>Þd Ap`_pfu L$pmdyMu c|rd b_u fl¡ sp¡ Apòe® _ \hy„ Å¡CA¡.

b^u dmu_¡ 313 Msf_pL$ fkpeZp¡ DÐ`Þ_ L$fsu a¡¼V$fuAp¡_u k„¿ep sp¡ L$pmSy>„ L„$`ph_pfu R>¡ S> `f„sy S>¡ fkpeZp¡ DÐ`Þ_ \pe R>¡ s¡_p„ gnZp¡ sp¡ Æh AÝ^f L$fu v¡$ s¡hp„ R>¡. OZp„ fkpeZp¡ T¡fugp„ R>¡ sp¡ OZp„ Ähg_iug R>¡, L¡$V$gp„L$ Æhg¡Z R>¡ sp¡ L¡$V$gp„L$ DÐ`pv$__p sb½¡$ S> _l], `R>u l¡fa¡f_p sb½¡$ `Z Msfp¡ `¡v$p L$f_pfp„ R>¡. L¡$V$gp„L$ fkpeZp¡ A¡hp„ R>¡ S>¡ DÐ`pv$__u âq¾$ep v$fçep_ s¡dS> k„N°l v$fçep_ dpZk_u Ap„Mp¡, a¡akp„, ùv$e s¡dS> ÐhQp_¡ N„cuf _yL$kp_ L$fu iL¡$ R>¡.

Ap hps A_¡L$ hpf gMpC lp¡hp R>sp„ afu afu_¡ A¡ _p¢^hy„ Å¡CA¡ L¡$ NyS>fps_u c|rd D`f S>¡ fkpeZp¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ \pe R>¡ s¡dp„ \u L¡$V$gp„L$ `ròd_p v¡$ip¡dp„ v$peL$p `|h£ ârsb„r^s L$fhpdp„ Aph¡gp„. Aphp„ ârsb„r^s fkpeZp¡_y„ DÐ`pv$_ ÓuÅ rhð_p v¡$ip¡_¡ dp\¡ _Mpey„ s¡ sb½¡$ A¢ku_p v$peL$pdp„ NyS>fps_p DÛp¡N kplrkL$p¡A¡ lp¢i¡lp¢i¡ s¡_¡ A`_pìep s\p NyS>fps_u kfL$pf¡ DÛp¡NuL$fZdp„ L¡$hu A_¡ L¡$V$gu lfZapm cfu s¡_p kudpõs„cp¡ sfuL¡$ s¡_¡ Ap¡mMpìep. Aphp fpkperZL$ DÛp¡Np¡ Apd¡e rhjp¼s R>¡ S> kp\¡ kp\¡ s¡dp„\u _uL$msp¡ L$Qfp¡ `Z hpsphfZ_¡ âv|$rjs L$f_pfp¡ R>¡; `pZu_¡ v|$rjs L$f_pfp¡ R>¡.

L¡$ÞÖ_p k¡ÞV²$g `p¡ëeyi_ L„$V²$p¡g bp¡X®$ Üpfp NyS>fps_p S>m âv|$rjs L$f_pfp DÛp¡Np¡_u k|rQ 1993-94dp„ âL$pris \C, S>¡dp„ 563 S>¡V$gp Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ A¡L$dp¡_u S>m âv|$rjs L$f_pfp A¡L$dp¡ sfuL¡$ NZsfu \C. Ap k|rQdp„ Aphsp DÛp¡Np¡dp„ 275 dp¡V$p DÛp¡Np¡ R>¡ s¡dS> 288 dÝed L$np_p R>¡. dy¿eÐh¡ Ap kOmp A¡L$dp¡ s\pL$r\s "Np¡ëX$_ L$p¡qfX$p¡f'dp„ L$pe®fs R>¡, S>¡dp„ Adv$phpv$ â\d õ\p_¡ A_¡ s¡ `R>u_p ¾$d¡ Aph¡ R>¡ kyfs rS>ëgp¡, cfyQ rS>ëgp¡, hgkpX$ rS>ëgp¡ A_¡ hX$p¡v$fp rS>ëgp¡. k¡ÞV²$g `p¡ëeyi_ L„$V²$p¡g bp¡X®$ Üpfp S>¡ kh£nZ \ey„ s¡dp„ A¡hy„ spfZ `Z _p¢^pe¡gy„ R>¡ L¡$ S>m âv|$rjs L$f_pfp 563 A¡L$dp¡dp„\u L¡$hm 357 A¡L$dp¡ S> A¡hp R>¡ S>¡_p A¡ãëeyAÞV$ V²$uV$d¡ÞV$ àgpÞV$ L$pe®fs R>¡, bpL$u_p A¡L$dp¡dp„\u dpÓ 7 V$L$p A¡L$dp¡dp„ Ap„riL$ fus¡ Qpgsp B.V$u.`u. R>¡ A_¡ 30 V$L$p A¡L$dp¡dp„ sp¡ Aphp iyrÙL$fZ àgpÞV$_¡ _pd¡ d]Xy„$ R>¡.

rhX„$b_p A¡ R>¡ L¡$ fpkperZL$ A_¡ AÞe âv|$jZ a¡gph_pfp DÛp¡Np¡ A„N¡ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf Üpfp s¡d S> NyS>fps kfL$pf_p S> rhcpNp¡ Üpfp Msfp_p O„V$ hpNsp lp¡hp R>sp„ NyS>fps_p L$sp®lsp®Ap¡ A¡V$gp _Ofp¡m b_u Nep R>¡ L¡$ afu afu_¡ L¡$rdL$g DÛp¡Np¡ sfa S> Ap„Nmu Q]^¡ R>¡. L$d_kubu sp¡ A¡hu `Z R>¡ L¡$ NyS>fps_u hX$u Av$pgs Üpfp \p¡X$p„L$ hj® `|h£ âv|$jZr_e„ÓZ_u qv$ipdp„ _½$f L$v$d DW$phpep„ lsp„ S>¡ lh¡ \„cu Nep„ R>¡. rhL$pk_y„, Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ rhL$pk_y„ O¡gy„ sp¡ A¡hy„ gpÁey„ R>¡ L¡$ dpÓ `p¡sp_y„ S> _l], crhóe_u `¡Y$uAp¡_y„ A[õsÐh `Z Msfpdp„ dyL$pC füy„ R>¡.

NyS>fps_p k„õL$pfõhpduAp¡ NyS>fps_¡ "rhh¡L$ b©lõ`rs' L$l¡sp \pL$sp _\u. h¡`pf-hZS>_u `f„`fp_¡ gu^¡ NyS>fpsuAp¡ sX$Å¡X$_p¡ drldp L$f¡ R>¡, dÝeddpN® A`_ph¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ kv$uAp¡\u L$l¡hpsy„ Apìey„ R>¡, `f„sy R>¡ëgp„ Óuk-`p„Óuk hj®dp„ S>¡ qv$ip A_¡ Nrs NyS>fps_p DÛp¡Np¡A¡ `L$X$u A_¡ s¡dp„ S>¡ c|rdL$p fpS>L$pfZuAp¡A¡ cS>hu s¡dS> lÆ cS>hhp sÐ`f R>¡ s¡ v$ip®h¡ R>¡ L¡$ "rhh¡L$'_¡ rsgp„S>rg A`pC flu R>¡. ApV$ApV$gp Msfp_p„ X„$L$p-r_ip_ hpNsp„ lp¡hp R>sp„ S>¡Ap¡ crhóe_p¡ rhQpf _\u L$fsp s¡d_¡ iy„ L$l¡hy„?

sL$pÅ¡ sp¡ NyS>fps dpV¡$ khp¯Nu `ep®hfZ_u _urs_p OX$sf_p¡ R>¡. A¡hu _urs S>¡dp„ DÛp¡Np¡_p¡ âL$pf, s¡_p¡ rhõspf, S>möp¡s_y„ fnZ, qL$_pfp_y„ S>s_ s¡dS> rhõsfsp Mpfp`pV$ A_¡ fZâv¡$i_y„ r_e„ÓZ kpd¡g lp¡e. S>m, S>du_ A_¡ S>„Ng_p k„fnZ_u kp\p¡kp\ dp_hÆh__y„ kyep¡Áe kduL$fZ lp¡e. Aphu kh®N°plu `ep®hfZ _urs rh_p L¡$hm DÛp¡Np¡_u `pR>m_u dp¡lp„^ v$p¡V$ NyS>fps_p crhóe_¡ Å¡Mddp„ d|L$u v¡$i¡.

ANpD_p g¡Mp¡
NyS>fps b^y„ ipL$plpfu, NyS>fpsu b^p ipL$plpfu- v„$sL$\p_p ApV$p`pV$p
rdî kfL$pf_¡ `p`¡ `„QpesfpS>_y„ ^p¡hpZ
cpS>`¡ `yfyjp¡Ñd kp¡g„L$u_¡ `°^p_ b_phhp L¡$d `X$ép A¡ dyØp_p¡ khpg R>¡
NyS>fps_p Apqv$hpkuAp¡dp„ A_pdssfau Ap„v$p¡g_
qaÆ_p„ sp¡ap_p¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ NyS>fpsdp„ tQsp
Q„v$_ cfu smphX$u, dp¡suX¡$ bp„^u `pþe
rhL$pkL$pe®dp„ S>¡_u S>du_ Åe s¡_¡ KQy„ hmsf dmhy„ S>ê$fu
Æh__y„ buSy>„ _pd A¡V$g¡ ^ud¡ `Ng¡ _ÆL$ Aphsy„ dp¡s
DdfNpd- kpNfL$p„W¡$ ApN
`pZu_p¡ enâï_ A_¡ A^|fp DÑfp¡
NyS>fps_p„ gp¡L$hpÛp¡ cygpC füp„ R>¡
105 NyS>fpsu dpR>udpfp¡ `pqL$õsp__u S>¡gdp„

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?